Subcellular Fractions: Microsomes, S9, and Cytosol

Liver microsomes are subcellular particles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatic cells. These fractions are a rich source of the most common drug metabolizing enzymes, cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs). CYPs are heme-containing enzymes that constitute the major enzymatic system for metabolism of xenbiotics. CYPs are involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of steroids, bile acids, fatty acids, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, biogenic amines, or retinoids. Thus, microsomes are useful in the study of xenobiotic metabolism and drug interactions.

Hepatic S9 pools represent the post-mitochondrial supernatant fraction from homogenized liver. Known to be a rich source of drug metabolizing enzymes including CYPs, these pools are useful in the study of xenobiotic metabolism and drug interactions.

Pooled cytosol from human liver consists of soluble human conjugative or phase II enzymes from a pool of mixed human liver donors. Cytosolic preparations can be used for screening potential substrates, inhibitors, or drugs and drug candidates to determine phase II drug metabolizing enzyme interactions.

Standard Species

Human, Nonhuman primates (Cynomolgus Monkey and Rhesus Monkey), Dog (Beagle), Rat (Sprague-Dawley), Mouse (CD-1), Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Custom Species Available upon Request

Formats and Shipping

CellzDirect’s subcellular fractions are from male animals unless otherwise requested.  The human fractions are from both male and female, depending on availability.  Subcellular fractions are shipped Monday through Thursday on dry ice by overnight express.  Contact us if you require special shipping arrangements.

For research purposes only; not to be used for clinical application or redistribution. CellzDirect cell products may contain human or other primate source material that should be treated as potentially hazardous. Use universal precautions for handling biohazardous material.